Maiden Way Roman Road (Coanwood; Hartleyburn; Greenhead; Featherstone; Knaresdale with Kirkhaugh)
Maiden Way over Hartleyburn Common and Glendue Fell. Road can be seen along this stretch, about 4m wide with side ditches well-preserved at the north end as it runs up hill. Metalling/large stones show through the turf at this end, but it is less obvious near the highest point of Hartleyburn Common but is visible on the downslope to Glendue Burn. Road can be seen terraced into hillside. Road visible over Glendue Fell as far as the quarry. (1)
Maiden Way - RR 84 - Kirkby Thore to Carvoran.
A very isolated road leading off from RR 82 (Brough - Penrith road) and after climbing over the Pennines on Melmerby Fell above Kirkland, passes to the west of Alston, keeping along the western side of the South Tyne valley and approaching the zone of Hadrian's Wall near Greenhead. It connected with Stanegate (RR 85a) outside Carvoran (Magna) Roman Fort (NY 66 NE 12). The route was described in detail by W. Bainbridge in 1851 (a) and over much of the course there has been little change since.
The first mile from its junction with the RR 82 shows no trace through the fields where it was formerly seen. The road is seen as a hard green terraceway at the first steep climb through the narrow cleft known as Argill or Ardale. On top of Melmerby Fell its condition was noted as perfect, in the form of an agger 2-3 feet high, 21 feet wide with large stones at the sides. It continues as a hard green track towards Rowgill Burn continuing in a NNE direction over Gilderdale Forest, The Sloat and Gilderdale Burn to the east side of Whitley Castle ( NY 64 NE 1) and then as a modern road for several miles to Knarsdale. An older track slants up the hillside as a hollow way at the Burnstones Inn but then it becomes a flat and heathery strip 12 feet wide as viewed southward from beyond the Glendue Burn. Up the hill beyond, the road appears as as a well-raised agger, 18 feet wide and 2 feet high and continues almost due north towards Carvoran. (1a, 8a-d)
A watching brief was carried out by The Archaeological Practice in May 1997 during the construction of four new stiles adjacent to the line of Maiden Way on Lambley Common. The stiles were positioned several metres away from the visible course of the road between grid references NY 668580 and NY 669568. The posts were driven into soft ground at a distance of between 2m and 4m from the east kerb of the Roman road. No features or artifacts of archaeological interest were exposed. This suggests the road is contained by its visible boundaries and the course of the present trackway represents the full extent of the Roman and post-Roman road. The road also does not appear to have been widened at a later date into a drove road.
The Maiden Way is a Roman road between the Brough/Penrith road at Kirkby Thore, near Appleby, and Carvoran Roman fort on Hadrian's Wall. The stretch of road over Lambley Common is visible as a well raised agger about 4m wide and up to 0.5m high. As the road heads towards its junction with the A68 it is a slightly raised grassy strip. (2)
Suggested Roman road line would appear to cross the Areas 1 and 2 monitored by Northern Pennines Archaeology at Blenkinsopp. However, rounded and sub-rounded cobbles packed into a clay, overlying topsoil and turf suggests a railway construction feature. An alternative Roman road line is suggested to the North of the Tipalt Burn - see PRN 22584. (3)
The course of the Maiden Way Roman road has been intermittently traced for approximately 11km between Kirkhaugh and Melmerby Fell (in Cumbria) as part of the National Mapping Programme Miner-Farmer project. Aerial photographs and LiDAR have revealed the road to survive in various states of repair between these two points. The section to the east of Whitley Castle is of particular note surviving as an earthwork agger mound with flanking parallel ditches. Some of this earthwork is overlain by ridge and furrow earthworks and it can be surmised that the road had fallen out of use at least by this Medieval period. Elsewhere a Post Medieval track is shown on the same alignment as the Roman road between Castle Nook and Holymire suggesting that parts of the road remained prominent, whilst part appears to have been levelled after 1971 at Castle Nook Farm. The line recorded in this work varies to the Ordnance Survey recorded line for the road. (4)
The Maiden Way is shown as a post-medieval 1774 open unenclosed road in 1774 by Thomas Donald, The line of the road between Whitlow and the Gilderdale Burn (the county boundary) in 1851 was found to have all the stone taken up and not visible. Between Whitlow and the Castle Nook farmsteads at the same date more survival is recorded. (5)
Three trenches excavated across the line of the Roman road in 2011 revealed archaeological features in the form of metalled road surfaces on the line of the Maiden Way. The evaluation revealed that there were different forms of road construction in different states of preservation. The road in Trench 2 had the remains of an earth bank and large ditch on its western edge. Crossing the ditch and cutting through the bank was a stone delineated track way. No Roman material culture was recovered from the evaluation, all the finds being ascribed a post-medieval date, which may relate to the later re-use of the road. (6)
A watching brief in 2015, on land at NY 68603 51197, near Thornhope Farm, Slaggyford, located remains of the Roman road. It comprised a low mound, or agger, constructed with a silty clay deposit, presumably excavated from roadside ditches which would have bounded the road, overlain by a stone surface. The road ran on roughly the same alignment as shown on the Ordnance survey base map. Two ditches were also observed during works: one on the same alignment as the metalled road, bounding its western edge and thought most likely to be a Roman raodside drainage ditch; the origins of a second ditch to the north-west are unclear. (7)
There is no sign of the Maiden Way on available air photographs for the stretch between NY 6645 6500 to NY 6646 6000 (NY 66 SE). (8e)
Is referred to by NRHE UID 13562 (In Cumbria), HER 5934, HER 6051, HER 12391 (Stanegate) and NRHE UID 1031457 (Roman road running from Scotch Corner - Bowes - Brougham) (8)
Maiden Way - RR 84 - Kirkby Thore to Carvoran.
A very isolated road leading off from RR 82 (Brough - Penrith road) and after climbing over the Pennines on Melmerby Fell above Kirkland, passes to the west of Alston, keeping along the western side of the South Tyne valley and approaching the zone of Hadrian's Wall near Greenhead. It connected with Stanegate (RR 85a) outside Carvoran (Magna) Roman Fort (NY 66 NE 12). The route was described in detail by W. Bainbridge in 1851 (a) and over much of the course there has been little change since.
The first mile from its junction with the RR 82 shows no trace through the fields where it was formerly seen. The road is seen as a hard green terraceway at the first steep climb through the narrow cleft known as Argill or Ardale. On top of Melmerby Fell its condition was noted as perfect, in the form of an agger 2-3 feet high, 21 feet wide with large stones at the sides. It continues as a hard green track towards Rowgill Burn continuing in a NNE direction over Gilderdale Forest, The Sloat and Gilderdale Burn to the east side of Whitley Castle ( NY 64 NE 1) and then as a modern road for several miles to Knarsdale. An older track slants up the hillside as a hollow way at the Burnstones Inn but then it becomes a flat and heathery strip 12 feet wide as viewed southward from beyond the Glendue Burn. Up the hill beyond, the road appears as as a well-raised agger, 18 feet wide and 2 feet high and continues almost due north towards Carvoran. (1a, 8a-d)
A watching brief was carried out by The Archaeological Practice in May 1997 during the construction of four new stiles adjacent to the line of Maiden Way on Lambley Common. The stiles were positioned several metres away from the visible course of the road between grid references NY 668580 and NY 669568. The posts were driven into soft ground at a distance of between 2m and 4m from the east kerb of the Roman road. No features or artifacts of archaeological interest were exposed. This suggests the road is contained by its visible boundaries and the course of the present trackway represents the full extent of the Roman and post-Roman road. The road also does not appear to have been widened at a later date into a drove road.
The Maiden Way is a Roman road between the Brough/Penrith road at Kirkby Thore, near Appleby, and Carvoran Roman fort on Hadrian's Wall. The stretch of road over Lambley Common is visible as a well raised agger about 4m wide and up to 0.5m high. As the road heads towards its junction with the A68 it is a slightly raised grassy strip. (2)
Suggested Roman road line would appear to cross the Areas 1 and 2 monitored by Northern Pennines Archaeology at Blenkinsopp. However, rounded and sub-rounded cobbles packed into a clay, overlying topsoil and turf suggests a railway construction feature. An alternative Roman road line is suggested to the North of the Tipalt Burn - see PRN 22584. (3)
The course of the Maiden Way Roman road has been intermittently traced for approximately 11km between Kirkhaugh and Melmerby Fell (in Cumbria) as part of the National Mapping Programme Miner-Farmer project. Aerial photographs and LiDAR have revealed the road to survive in various states of repair between these two points. The section to the east of Whitley Castle is of particular note surviving as an earthwork agger mound with flanking parallel ditches. Some of this earthwork is overlain by ridge and furrow earthworks and it can be surmised that the road had fallen out of use at least by this Medieval period. Elsewhere a Post Medieval track is shown on the same alignment as the Roman road between Castle Nook and Holymire suggesting that parts of the road remained prominent, whilst part appears to have been levelled after 1971 at Castle Nook Farm. The line recorded in this work varies to the Ordnance Survey recorded line for the road. (4)
The Maiden Way is shown as a post-medieval 1774 open unenclosed road in 1774 by Thomas Donald, The line of the road between Whitlow and the Gilderdale Burn (the county boundary) in 1851 was found to have all the stone taken up and not visible. Between Whitlow and the Castle Nook farmsteads at the same date more survival is recorded. (5)
Three trenches excavated across the line of the Roman road in 2011 revealed archaeological features in the form of metalled road surfaces on the line of the Maiden Way. The evaluation revealed that there were different forms of road construction in different states of preservation. The road in Trench 2 had the remains of an earth bank and large ditch on its western edge. Crossing the ditch and cutting through the bank was a stone delineated track way. No Roman material culture was recovered from the evaluation, all the finds being ascribed a post-medieval date, which may relate to the later re-use of the road. (6)
A watching brief in 2015, on land at NY 68603 51197, near Thornhope Farm, Slaggyford, located remains of the Roman road. It comprised a low mound, or agger, constructed with a silty clay deposit, presumably excavated from roadside ditches which would have bounded the road, overlain by a stone surface. The road ran on roughly the same alignment as shown on the Ordnance survey base map. Two ditches were also observed during works: one on the same alignment as the metalled road, bounding its western edge and thought most likely to be a Roman raodside drainage ditch; the origins of a second ditch to the north-west are unclear. (7)
There is no sign of the Maiden Way on available air photographs for the stretch between NY 6645 6500 to NY 6646 6000 (NY 66 SE). (8e)
Is referred to by NRHE UID 13562 (In Cumbria), HER 5934, HER 6051, HER 12391 (Stanegate) and NRHE UID 1031457 (Roman road running from Scotch Corner - Bowes - Brougham) (8)
N5968
WATCHING BRIEF, Lambley Common (NY 685 575) 1997; THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL PRACTICE
WATCHING BRIEF, Byron's Drift, Blenkinsopp 2005; North Pennines Archaeology Ltd
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION, English Heritage: Hadrian's Wall WHS Mapping Project, NMP 2008; English Heritage
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION, English Heritage: Miner-farmer landscapes of the North Pennines AONB NMP 2011; English Heritage
TRIAL TRENCH, The Maiden Way Roman road at Whitley Castle 2011; North Pennines Archaeology Ltd
WATCHING BRIEF, Thornhope Farm, Slaggyford 2015; Pre-Construct Archaeology
FIELD SURVEY, RCHME: North Pennines Industrial Archaeology Project ; RCHME
WATCHING BRIEF, Byron's Drift, Blenkinsopp 2005; North Pennines Archaeology Ltd
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION, English Heritage: Hadrian's Wall WHS Mapping Project, NMP 2008; English Heritage
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION, English Heritage: Miner-farmer landscapes of the North Pennines AONB NMP 2011; English Heritage
TRIAL TRENCH, The Maiden Way Roman road at Whitley Castle 2011; North Pennines Archaeology Ltd
WATCHING BRIEF, Thornhope Farm, Slaggyford 2015; Pre-Construct Archaeology
FIELD SURVEY, RCHME: North Pennines Industrial Archaeology Project ; RCHME
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Please note that this information has been compiled from a number of different sources. Durham County Council and Northumberland County Council can accept no responsibility for any inaccuracy contained therein. If you wish to use/copy any of the images, please ensure that you read the Copyright information provided.