Low Buston (Warkworth)
The ancient manor house stood in the hamlet of Low Buston on a ridge overhanging a pebbly-bottomed stream, known as the Tylee Burn. The site of the village, with its gardens sloping to the south, can be easily traced in the park-like field to the east of the house [of Low Buston]. (1)
Up to c.1774 the hamlet or town of Low Buston retained its position on the tongue of land and much of the two long rows of cottages which stood to the east of the mansion house were allowed to decay or were removed and the village street diverted to a new public road further to the north. (2)
My grandmother often told me that the granary [NU 22480748] occupies the spot where a church once stood. (3)
Area centred NU 22670727. The remains of the deserted village of Low Buston lie in a pasture to the east of Low Buston Hall and consist of a main sunken trackway running through the centre from north west to south east and then veering to the north until it reaches the modern Low Buston - Buston Burns road. It measures 4m in width and is from 0.6m to 1.5m in depth. Rectangular and sub-rectangular enclosures, probably small field plots, surrounded by earthen banks average width 3m and average height 0.5m and smaller rectangular enclosures with sunken enclosures, measuring from 8m to 9m in length and average width of 6m, obviously the sites of sunken buildings, complete the layout of the village.
The remains of a Well House at NU 22720734 measures 6m x 4m and is 1m high composed of roughly dressed freestone - two modern troughs are on west side. This may well have been the well house of the village.
An ancient field bank runs along the west side of the main trackway from NU 22690735 to NU 22710748 and delimits the eastern edge of the wide rig and furrow in the field to the north of the village. The position of the manor house was not discovered.
Ref T2. There is no evidence in the way of sculptured stones or gravestones etc, which would confirm that the granary occupies the site of a church - it is situated at the higher end of the village.
The field names of the area concerned were not collected during recording and field investigation. (4)
[Area centred NU 22630744]. Wide rig and furrow ploughing. (5)
Remains surveyed at 1/2500. (6)
Village of Low Buston (site of). (7)
Low Buston deserted medieval village. Documentary references: 1242, 1296, 1641, 1665, 1718, 1721, 1742, 1769, 1778. Earthwork remains of the village lie to the east of the present house (NU 224078). Comprise two rows of tofts, fronted with house-sites, facing each other across a narrow street. Surveyed by the Geography Department, Durham University in 1976. (8)
Soil phosphate analysis carried out by Durham University at Easter 1976. (9)
Low Buston DMV photographed from the air in 1981. Ploughed out ridge and furrow shows clearly as soil marks. (10)(11)
Low Buston, a reputed manor in the Barony of Wark-on-Tweed. Mentioned in Newminster Chartularies, 13th and 14th centuries. (12)
Measured survey in 1995 by HSLS for work connected with SMC application to clean out the pond. The south facing scarp of the pond was examined for any exposed archaeological evidence. Two zones revealed elements of archaeological significance: they contained evidence of the banks and ditches traceable on the ground to the south. (13)
This record includes National Record of the Historic Environment Information provided by Historic England on 4 January 2021 licensed under the Open Government Licence [www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/]
Up to c.1774 the hamlet or town of Low Buston retained its position on the tongue of land and much of the two long rows of cottages which stood to the east of the mansion house were allowed to decay or were removed and the village street diverted to a new public road further to the north. (2)
My grandmother often told me that the granary [NU 22480748] occupies the spot where a church once stood. (3)
Area centred NU 22670727. The remains of the deserted village of Low Buston lie in a pasture to the east of Low Buston Hall and consist of a main sunken trackway running through the centre from north west to south east and then veering to the north until it reaches the modern Low Buston - Buston Burns road. It measures 4m in width and is from 0.6m to 1.5m in depth. Rectangular and sub-rectangular enclosures, probably small field plots, surrounded by earthen banks average width 3m and average height 0.5m and smaller rectangular enclosures with sunken enclosures, measuring from 8m to 9m in length and average width of 6m, obviously the sites of sunken buildings, complete the layout of the village.
The remains of a Well House at NU 22720734 measures 6m x 4m and is 1m high composed of roughly dressed freestone - two modern troughs are on west side. This may well have been the well house of the village.
An ancient field bank runs along the west side of the main trackway from NU 22690735 to NU 22710748 and delimits the eastern edge of the wide rig and furrow in the field to the north of the village. The position of the manor house was not discovered.
Ref T2. There is no evidence in the way of sculptured stones or gravestones etc, which would confirm that the granary occupies the site of a church - it is situated at the higher end of the village.
The field names of the area concerned were not collected during recording and field investigation. (4)
[Area centred NU 22630744]. Wide rig and furrow ploughing. (5)
Remains surveyed at 1/2500. (6)
Village of Low Buston (site of). (7)
Low Buston deserted medieval village. Documentary references: 1242, 1296, 1641, 1665, 1718, 1721, 1742, 1769, 1778. Earthwork remains of the village lie to the east of the present house (NU 224078). Comprise two rows of tofts, fronted with house-sites, facing each other across a narrow street. Surveyed by the Geography Department, Durham University in 1976. (8)
Soil phosphate analysis carried out by Durham University at Easter 1976. (9)
Low Buston DMV photographed from the air in 1981. Ploughed out ridge and furrow shows clearly as soil marks. (10)(11)
Low Buston, a reputed manor in the Barony of Wark-on-Tweed. Mentioned in Newminster Chartularies, 13th and 14th centuries. (12)
Measured survey in 1995 by HSLS for work connected with SMC application to clean out the pond. The south facing scarp of the pond was examined for any exposed archaeological evidence. Two zones revealed elements of archaeological significance: they contained evidence of the banks and ditches traceable on the ground to the south. (13)
This record includes National Record of the Historic Environment Information provided by Historic England on 4 January 2021 licensed under the Open Government Licence [www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/]
N5417
FIELD OBSERVATION, Ordnance Survey Archaeology Division Field Investigation 1954; J H Ostridge
FIELD OBSERVATION, Ordnance Survey Archaeology Division Field Investigation 1971; B H Pritchard
GEOCHEMICAL SURVEY, Low Buston 1976; Durham University
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY, Low Buston 1976; Durham University
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY, The Deserted Village at Low Buston, Warkworth, Northumberland: An Examination of the Stratigraphy Disclosed in the Flanks of a Pond 1995; Heritage Site and Landscape Surveys Ltd
FIELD OBSERVATION, Ordnance Survey Archaeology Division Field Investigation 1971; B H Pritchard
GEOCHEMICAL SURVEY, Low Buston 1976; Durham University
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY, Low Buston 1976; Durham University
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY, The Deserted Village at Low Buston, Warkworth, Northumberland: An Examination of the Stratigraphy Disclosed in the Flanks of a Pond 1995; Heritage Site and Landscape Surveys Ltd
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