(NU00221963 geographical co-ords) Site of an earthwork Harelaw Burn. (1)

Type B3 (25) Forts on flat, low lying on naturally unprotected ground. (2)

On the right bank of the Harelaw Burn, about 5/8 mile west of Calder, was noticed a crescentic rampart and ditch, apparently enclosing a small fort on the edge of the steep bank. (3)

Remains of a cliff-edge fort are situated, at approximately 700 feet above sea-level, at the top of steep banks on the south-west side of the Harelaw Burn. The site is upon a gentle north slope of moorland pasture and bracken. The ground falls away slightly to the south-west and south-east, and rises gently to the south beyond dead ground. The site commands the surrounding countryside on all sides for some distance.
The earthwork has consisted of a semi-circular bank with a wide outer ditch, the ends lying above the banks of the burn. The entrance is in the south-south-west side, but there are no traces of a causeway over the ditch. Rig and furrow ploughing has destroyed the north end of the defences and has been carried into the interior. There is an adjacent fresh water supply.
Within the earthworks the only habitation remains are a single rectangular hut foundation (probably recent) near the entrance. It measures 4m by 2.5m and is orientated north-east and south-west. (4)

On the north side of the earthworks interior is a fragmentary line of stones protruding through the turf. Their situation does not suggest that they are associated with the earthwork. Possibly they are the remains of an old field boundary. There are slight traces of a counterscarp bank on the outer edge of the ditch but this may be the result of old ploughing. (5)

The perimeter of the work has been further reduced by ploughing on the south side, but it is distinctly Iron Age in profile. Although situated on the edge of a small stream valley, defence has clearly not been the prime consideration, and it has this in common with a number of similar univallate enclosures in the area. Surveyed at 1/1250. (6)

NU 0025 1959. Basically as described in report of 22/4/70. The foundations of the rectangular hut platform mentioned by Authority 4 are orientated north-west/south-east. These foundations would appear to extend north beyond the fence that crosses the site, but this is just residue from the digging of post holes for that fence. An Iron Age scarp-edge settlement. Surveyed at 1:10,000. (7)

Defended settlement 900m west of Calder. Scheduled on 7 August 2001, national monument number 34233. The monument incluldes the remains of a defended settlement of Iron Age date situated on the edge of a promontory on the west bank of the Harelaw Burn. It is overlooked by Heddon Hill to the north but has a broad aspect to the east, south and west. There are steep slopes on the north side and artificial defences have been built around the south. The settlement is visible as a curvilinear enclosure 47m east to west by 45m. The artificial defences comprise a ditch up to 6m wide and 0.2m deep with an internal bank up to 9m wide 0.2m high. Around the outer edge of the ditch are slight traces of a counterscarp bank up to 4m wide on the west side. The entrance passes through the centre of the southern defences and measures 3m wide. Set within the bank to the west of the entrance is an oval depression 3.5m by 2.5m thought to be the remains of a hut circle. Within the enclosure the ground surface is up to 0.5m higher than that of the surrounding land. To the right of the entrance are the slight foundations of a rectangular building oriented east to west which measures 4m by 2.5m and is believed to be of a later date. Medieval ridge and furrow cultivation overlies the eastern half of the settlement.
Although the settlement is partly overlain by ridge and furrow and has been ploughed, it survives in reasonably good condition with the rampart and ditch still visible. The interior of the settlement, which is protected by material spread from the bank, will provide evidence for the nature of Iron Age settlement, including the remains of circular stone founded houses. (8)

An Iron Age enclosed settlement, centred at NU 0024 1960, is visible as an earthwork on air photographs. This feature consists of a semi-circular ditch that measures approximately 8m wide and encloses an area 2.8ha. The north and north-east sides utilise a natural scarp that runs down to Harelaw Burn. Although the site is much denuded there appear to be both inner and outer banks (earthwork) with some slight evidence of a roughly south facing entrance (however, no causeway across the ditch is visible). The banks (earthwork) measure approximately 2.5m wide (outer)
and 3m (inner). (9)(11a)

Site visited in the course of a Higher Level Stewardship Farm Environment Plan. Site noted as much denuded enclosed settlement in area of improved land. Stone has been cleared to the edge of the site overlooking the Harelaw Burn. Some internal undulations still visible and may relate to internal features. Slight mole damage but otherwise in good condition under grass. (10)