Enclosed cremation cemetery and shieling 990m north of Gibbs Hill Farm (Henshaw)
Possible enclosed cremation cemetery at Chatley Crags. Circular bank c.18m diameter with upright slabs facing and leaning inwards. Site was discovered after a request was made by the farmer for a visit. The function of the monument is uncertain, but it is probably an enclosed cremation cemetery of Bronze Age date.
Some stones are missing from the north-west and south-east quadrants, apparently reused to build the rectangular structure within the east half of the interior. This rectangular structure is also of uncertain purpose, possibly a shieling.
Superb setting on a plateau below Chatley Crags, with extensive views to south-east and south-west. (1)
The monument includes the remains of a stone circle of Bronze Age date and the possible foundations of a medieval shieling. It is located 1km north of Gibb's Hill Farm and about 2km north of Hadrian's Wall. Archaeological Services of Durham University carried out an earthwork survey in June 1994 and, later in the summer, a trial excavation. One trench was laid across the north west quadrant of the monument to determine any structures in the 'robbed' area and to obtain environmental samples. Evidence was found to suggest that there are burial deposits within the circle but they were not investigated at this time. Beneath the bank of the circle a sophisticated stone setting was discovered which comprised a wall of boulders covered by tumble. A stone setting was found outside the boulder wall. The evaluation could not determine whether the stone circle was contemporary with the boulder wall. (2)(3)
A ring cairn of Bronze Age date, situated in a prominent position on a gentle south facing slope below Chatley Crags. The cairn is visible as a sub-circular enclosure measuring 30 metres north to south by 25 metres east to west within a bank of stone and earth up to 2 metres wide. There are a series of upright slabs within the bank facing inwards. Several of the stones in the eastern and south western parts of the monument have been removed at a later date in order to build a small rectangular structure, visible within the eastern half of the enclosure. This later structure, which measures 8.5 metres by 5 metres, is interpreted as a shieling of medieval date. Limited excavation in 1994 showed that the monument is a complex structure of several phases. A large pit placed near the centre of the monument was uncovered, which it is thought contains the remains of a burial. Scheduled. (4)
An oval banked enclosure with a rectangular shieling on the east side is visible on aerial photographs. (5)
The cairn mapped from air photographs and more accurately located at NY 7507 7012. The feature has the appearance of an enclosed cremation cemetery, the ring measuring 25m by 24m and is 2-3 m broad. As well as the later shieling, there are also some fragments of what may potentially be stone field boundaries, running east and west and just outside the ring enclosure. (6)
Scheduling amended 22 February 2022 to more accurately reflect its loction and renamed: enclosed cremation cemetery and shieling 990m north of Gibbs Hill Farm. Considered that its size and form are more consistent with that of an enclosed cremation cemetery. (7)
The cairn was seen as an earthwork and mapped from air photographs; it is more accurately located at NY 7507 7012. The feature is seen as a sub-circular ring of earth which includes a small amount of stone. It has more of the appearance of an enclosed cremation cemetery. The ring measures 25 m by 24 m and is 2-3 m broad. In the eastern half of this enclosure are the stone footings of a rectangular structure, probably a shieling of Medieval date, which measures 7 m by 4 m. There are some fragments of what may potentially be stone field boundaries, running east and west and just outside the ring enclosure. (8a)
Some stones are missing from the north-west and south-east quadrants, apparently reused to build the rectangular structure within the east half of the interior. This rectangular structure is also of uncertain purpose, possibly a shieling.
Superb setting on a plateau below Chatley Crags, with extensive views to south-east and south-west. (1)
The monument includes the remains of a stone circle of Bronze Age date and the possible foundations of a medieval shieling. It is located 1km north of Gibb's Hill Farm and about 2km north of Hadrian's Wall. Archaeological Services of Durham University carried out an earthwork survey in June 1994 and, later in the summer, a trial excavation. One trench was laid across the north west quadrant of the monument to determine any structures in the 'robbed' area and to obtain environmental samples. Evidence was found to suggest that there are burial deposits within the circle but they were not investigated at this time. Beneath the bank of the circle a sophisticated stone setting was discovered which comprised a wall of boulders covered by tumble. A stone setting was found outside the boulder wall. The evaluation could not determine whether the stone circle was contemporary with the boulder wall. (2)(3)
A ring cairn of Bronze Age date, situated in a prominent position on a gentle south facing slope below Chatley Crags. The cairn is visible as a sub-circular enclosure measuring 30 metres north to south by 25 metres east to west within a bank of stone and earth up to 2 metres wide. There are a series of upright slabs within the bank facing inwards. Several of the stones in the eastern and south western parts of the monument have been removed at a later date in order to build a small rectangular structure, visible within the eastern half of the enclosure. This later structure, which measures 8.5 metres by 5 metres, is interpreted as a shieling of medieval date. Limited excavation in 1994 showed that the monument is a complex structure of several phases. A large pit placed near the centre of the monument was uncovered, which it is thought contains the remains of a burial. Scheduled. (4)
An oval banked enclosure with a rectangular shieling on the east side is visible on aerial photographs. (5)
The cairn mapped from air photographs and more accurately located at NY 7507 7012. The feature has the appearance of an enclosed cremation cemetery, the ring measuring 25m by 24m and is 2-3 m broad. As well as the later shieling, there are also some fragments of what may potentially be stone field boundaries, running east and west and just outside the ring enclosure. (6)
Scheduling amended 22 February 2022 to more accurately reflect its loction and renamed: enclosed cremation cemetery and shieling 990m north of Gibbs Hill Farm. Considered that its size and form are more consistent with that of an enclosed cremation cemetery. (7)
The cairn was seen as an earthwork and mapped from air photographs; it is more accurately located at NY 7507 7012. The feature is seen as a sub-circular ring of earth which includes a small amount of stone. It has more of the appearance of an enclosed cremation cemetery. The ring measures 25 m by 24 m and is 2-3 m broad. In the eastern half of this enclosure are the stone footings of a rectangular structure, probably a shieling of Medieval date, which measures 7 m by 4 m. There are some fragments of what may potentially be stone field boundaries, running east and west and just outside the ring enclosure. (8a)
N6955
EXCAVATION, Gibbs Hill Farm 1994; Archaeological Services Durham University
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY, Gibbs Hill Farm 1994; ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY, Hadrian's Wall Landscape from Chesters to Greenhead 1999; T GATES
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION, English Heritage: Hadrian's Wall WHS Mapping Project, NMP 2008; English Heritage
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY, Gibbs Hill Farm 1994; ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY, Hadrian's Wall Landscape from Chesters to Greenhead 1999; T GATES
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION, English Heritage: Hadrian's Wall WHS Mapping Project, NMP 2008; English Heritage
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