The Auckland Union Workhouse opened in 1855. It was extended in 1865. In 1877 an infirmary, mortuary, casual wards and a boardroom were added. Cottage homes were built in 1903. In 1909 a new infirmary was added. It was used as a military hospital during both the First and Second World Wars. During the Second World War the site was also used as a prisoner of war camp for up to 300 German, Russian and Czech prisoners. The workhouse was also known as the Oaklands Poor Law Institution, the Bishop Auckland Emergency Hospital and the Bishop Auckland General Hospital. As of the early 21st Century most of the original workhouse buildings have been demolished. Twelve large, gable roofed buildings associated with the prisoner of war camp are still in use as part of the hospital.