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Glossary

Shaft

Coal shafts were vertical openings, through which coal mines were entered. They were often lined with wood, stone or brick. Many survive as open holes or as an overgrown earthwork. The earliest examples belong to the medieval period, but most were dug in the 18th and 19th centuries
A vertical hole sunk into the ground for mining purposes. The shaft would create access underground and encourage the flow of oxygen

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